Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) inzira yekuvhiya inobvisa majoini ebvi emurwere ane chirwere chakakomba chemapfupa kana chirwere chemapfupa anoputika uye yozotsiva chimiro chejoini chakakuvara nechinhu chekugadzira. Chinangwa chekuvhiya uku ndechekurerutsa marwadzo, kuvandudza mashandiro ejoini, uye kudzoreredza hupenyu hwemurwere hwezuva nezuva. Panguva yekuvhiya, chiremba anobvisa pfupa rakakuvara nenyama yakapfava, uye obva aisa chinhu chekugadzira chakagadzirwa nesimbi nepurasitiki mujoini rebvi kuti chifananidze kufamba kwejoini rakajairika. Kuvhiya uku kunowanzo tariswa kana paine kurwadziwa kwakanyanya, kufamba kushoma, uye kurapwa kusingashande, uye kwakagadzirirwa kubatsira varwere kudzorera mashandiro ejoini akajairika uye hupenyu hwakanaka.
1. Chii chinonzi kuvhiyiwa kwebvi?
Kuvhiya kwekubvisa mabvi, kunozivikanwawo sekugadzirisa mabvi, inzira yekuvhiya inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvakakomba zvemabvi. Kuvhiya uku kunoitwa nekubvisa nzvimbo dzakakuvara dzemabvi, dzakadai senzvimbo dze distal femur ne proximal tibia, uye dzimwe nguva nzvimbo dzepatellar, uye wobva waisa ma artificial joint prostheses kuti atsive nzvimbo idzi dzakakuvara, nokudaro achidzorera kugadzikana uye mafambiro ejoinhi.
Zvikonzero zvekukuvara kwemabvi zvinogona kusanganisira osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis, nezvimwewo. Kana zvirwere izvi zvichikonzera kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwemabvi, kutadza kufamba zvakanaka, kuremara kwemajoini, uye kurapwa kwakachengeteka kusingashande, kuvhiyiwa kwekutsiva mabvi kunova mushonga unoshanda.
Maitiro ekuvhiya anowanzo sanganisira matanho anotevera: Kutanga, gadzira midline longitudinal incision pabvi kuti ibvi rionekwe; wobva washandisa zvishandiso zvekuboorera panzvimbo uye osteotomy pamucheto wezasi wefemur nekumusoro kwetibia; wobva wayera woisa artificial joint prosthesis yakakodzera, inosanganisira femoral pad, tibial pad, meniscus uye patellar prosthesis; pakupedzisira, sunga tissue neganda kuti upedzise kuvhiya.
Mhedzisiro yekuvhiyiwa kwebvi panzvimbo pemabvi inowanzo kuve yakakosha, izvo zvinogona kuderedza marwadzo, kuvandudza mashandiro emajoini, uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwemurwere. Zvisinei, kuvhiyiwa kunewo njodzi dzakati wandei, dzakadai sekutapukirwa nehutachiona, thrombosis, njodzi dzeanesthesia, matambudziko ekuvhiyiwa, kusunungura kana kukundikana kweprosthesis, nezvimwewo.
Saka, vasati vavhiyiwa, varwere vanofanira kuongororwa zvizere, kutaurirana zvizere nachiremba, kunzwisisa njodzi nemigumisiro yekuvhiyiwa, uye kutevedzera mazano achiremba ekugadzirira vasati vavhiyiwa uye kugadzirisa mushure mekuvhiyiwa.
Kazhinji, kuvhiyiwa kwebvi panzvimbo pemabvi inzira yakanaka uye inoshanda yekurapa zvirwere zvakakomba zvemabvi, izvo zvinogona kuunza tariro itsva nemikana yekuvandudza hupenyu hwevarwere.
2. Ndezvipi zvinoshandiswa pakuvhiya mabvi?
Zvishandiso zvekuvhiya zvinosanganisira sikurudhiraivha yehexagon, mold yekuedza tibial, mold yekuedza ukobvu, mudziyo wekuyera tibial, patellar chute osteotome, slider, tibial extramedullary locator, ruler, femoral osteotomy test mold extractor, anesthetic, intramedullary locating rod, opening cone, tibial extramedullary force line rod, sliding hammer, bone rasp, cancellous bone depressor, tightener, tibial test mold depressor, guide, extractor ne toolbox.
3. Inguva ipi yekupora kwekuvhiyiwa kwebvi?
Chiremba wako achakupa mirairo chaiyo yekugeza. Misono kana mastaple ekuvhiya achabviswa panguva yekushanya kwechiremba mushure mekuvhiyiwa.
Kuti uderedze kuzvimba, unogona kukumbirwa kusimudza gumbo rako kana kuisa chando pabvi.
Tora mushonga wekuderedza marwadzo sezvakataurwa nachiremba wako. Aspirin kana mimwe mishonga yekurwadziwa inogona kuwedzera mukana wekubuda ropa. Iva nechokwadi chekuti watora mishonga inokurudzirwa chete.
Zivisa chiremba wako kuti ataure nezvechimwe chezvinotevera:
1.Fivha
2. Kutsvuka, kuzvimba, kubuda ropa, kana imwe nzira yekubvisa tsvina kubva panzvimbo yakachekwa
3. Kuwedzera kwekurwadziwa panzvimbo yakachekwa
Unogona kutangazve kudya kwako kwakajairika kunze kwekunge chiremba wako akakupa zano rakasiyana.
Haufanirwe kutyaira mota kusvika chiremba wako akuudza kuti udaro. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kurambidzwa. Kupora zvachose kubva pakuvhiyiwa kunogona kutora mwedzi yakati wandei.
Zvakakosha kuti usadonha mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwebvi rako, nekuti kudonha kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwejoini idzva. Murapi wako anogona kukukurudzira kuti ushandise mudziyo wekubatsira (tsvimbo kana wekufamba) kuti ukwanise kufamba kusvika simba rako nekugadzikana kwako zvawedzera.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-06-2025
