Kugadzika kwechiuno kunotora nguva yakareba sei?

Kuvhiyiwa kwechiuno (hip arthroplasty) inzira iri nani yekuvhiya yekurapa femoral head necrosis, osteoarthritis yejoini rechiuno, uye kutyoka kwemapfupa echiuno.hunhu hwevakadzimutsipa kana wakura. Kuvhiyiwa kwechiuno (hip arthroplasty) ikozvino inzira yakakura iri kuwana mukurumbira zvishoma nezvishoma uye inogona kupedzwa kunyangwe mune zvimwe zvipatara zvekumaruwa. Nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwevarwere vanotsiva chiuno, varwere vanowanzo kunetseka kuti prosthesis ichagara kwenguva yakareba sei mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwekutsiva chiuno uye kana ichagara hupenyu hwese. Kutaura zvazviri, kuti kutsiva chiuno kunogona kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba sei mushure mekuvhiyiwa zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvitatu zvikuru: 1, sarudzo yezvinhu: parizvino kune zvinhu zvitatu zvikuru zvemajoini echiuno ekugadzira: ① musoro weceramic + kapu yeceramic: mutengo uchave wakakwira. Chinhu chikuru chemusanganiswa uyu ndechekuti haubvi zvakanyanya. Mukuvhiyiwa kweceramic neceramic, mutoro mumwe chete, kubvaruka kana kukuvara kana tichienzanisa nesimbi, zvidimbu zvidiki zvinosara mujoini nekuda kwekuvhiyiwa zvakare zvidiki kwazvo, chaizvoizvo hapazovi nekurambwa kwemuviri kune zvidimbu zvekupfeka. Zvisinei, kana paine basa rakaoma kana chimiro chisina kunaka, pane njodzi diki kwazvo yekuputika kweceramic. Kunewo varwere vashoma kwazvo vanonzwa ruzha rwe "kuchema" runokonzerwa nekuvhiyiwa kweceramic panguva yekushanda.

②Musoro wesimbi + kapu yepolyethylene: nhoroondo yekushandisa yakareba uye musanganiswa wekare. Simbi nepolyethylene yepolymer yakakwira zvakanyanya, kazhinji haionekwi muchiitiko ichi ine ruzha rusina kujairika, uye haizomboputsika nezvimwewo. Zvisinei, kana ichienzaniswa neceramic neceramic friction interface, inopfekwa zvishoma pasi pemutoro mumwe chete kwenguva imwe chete. Uye muvarwere vashoma kwazvo vane hanya, ichaita zvinoenderana nekupwanyika kwemarara, zvichikonzera kuzvimba kwakatenderedza marara ekupwanyika kuitika mukupindura, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kurwadziwa kwakatenderedza prosthesis, prosthesis ichisunungurwa, nezvimwewo. ③ Musoro wesimbi + metal bushing: simbi nesimbi friction interface (cobalt-chromium alloy, dzimwe nguva simbi isina tsvina) Iyi friction interface yakashandiswa muma1960. Zvisinei, iyi interface inogona kugadzira huwandu hwakawanda hwemasara esimbi, masara aya anogona kupiswa nema macrophages, zvichigadzira reaction yemuviri wekunze, ma ions esimbi anogadzirwa anogonawo kupinda muropa, zvichikonzera allergic reaction mumuviri. Mumakore achangopfuura, rudzi urwu rwemajoini einterface rwakamiswa. ④ Musoro weCeramic kubva kupolyethylene: Misoro yeCeramic yakaoma kupfuura simbi uye ndiyo inonyanya kukwachurwa. Ceramic iri kushandiswa pakuvhiya majoini ine nzvimbo yakaoma, isingakwechuke, uye yakapfava zvikuru iyo inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mwero wekukwechuka kwemajoini epolyethylene. Mwero wekukwechuka weiyi implant uri pasi pesimbi kubva kupolyethylene, nemamwe mazwi, ceramic kubva kupolyethylene inodzivirira kupera kupfuura simbi kubva kupolyethylene! Saka, joini yechiuno yakagadzirwa yakanakisa, maererano nechinhu, ijoini yekubatanidza yeceramic kubva kuceramic kusvika kuceramic. Chikonzero chehupenyu hurefu hwejoini iyi ndechekuti mwero wekukwechuka unoderedzwa kagumi kusvika kumazana kana tichienzanisa nemajoini ekare, zvichiwedzera nguva yekushandiswa kwemajoini, uye zvidimbu zvekukwechuka zvicherwa zvinoenderana nevanhu zvisingakonzeri osteolysis uye osteoporosis yakakomberedza prosthesis, iyo yakakodzera varwere vadiki vane basa rakawanda. 2. Kuiswa kwechiuno chakagadzirwa nemazvo: kuburikidza nekuiswa kwacho kwakanyatsoitwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa, acetabulum negunde remuchiuno. Kugadzika kwakasimba kwechigadziko chakagadzirwa nemazvo uye kona yakakodzera kunoita kuti chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa chisave chakasimba uye chisina kukanganiswa, nokudaro chisakonzera kusunungurwa kwechigadziko chakagadzirwa nemazvo.

Kudzivirirwa kwejoini ravo rechiuno: kuderedza kutakura huremu, kuita mabasa anorema (sekukwira nekukwira uye kutakura huremu kwenguva refu, nezvimwewo) kuderedza kupera kwejoini rechiuno. Pamusoro pezvo, dzivirira kukuvara, nekuti kukuvara kunogona kukonzera kutyoka kwakatenderedza joini rechiuno, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kusunungurwa kwejoini rechiuno.

Saka, maprostheses echiuno akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvisinganyanyi kukwenya, anoisa zvakanaka nzvimbo yachojoini yehudyuuye dziviriro inodiwa yehudyu inogona kuita kuti prosthesis igare kwenguva refu, kunyangwe kweupenyu hwese.